Django is a Python-based, free, and open-source web framework that uses the Model-Template-View (MTV) architectural pattern. But before you delve deeper into Django, you should learn where it all started.
Django’s original authors, Adrian Holovaty and Simon Willison are not only web developers, but journalists.
Lawrence Journal-World, like many information sources present and past, relies on a fast-paced work environment to meet deadlines. Building deep web applications to host digital news is similarly fast-paced. And this work belonged to Holovaty and Willison.
While working at the Lawrence Journal-World newspaper, Holovaty and Willison began using Python in 2003 and quickly focused on the language’s best elements. By carefully extracting these elements, Django’s vision came to the fore.
By 2005, Holovaty and Willison had finalized Django. In the process, he added another developer by the name of Jacob Kaplan-Moss to the mix. It was at this point that Django revealed itself to the public as an open-source entity.
Django Architecture
Django’s software architecture, MTV, is slightly different from most web frameworks that use the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern. These patterns are for designing the user interface (UI) by separating the concerns of the back-end and front-end structures.
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8 Django Features
Like Python itself, Django has a particular design philosophy that sticks to enhance the developer experience.
Django prioritizes several software principles:
Reusability
With Django, developers can write reusable Django ‘apps’, a piece of code packaged in a convenient container that you can include in a variety of programs when the need arises.
You can write your own Django apps or you can use the Django package directory to choose from, along with pre-built reusable apps, of sites, tools, and other Django projects.
Reusability is not an official design philosophy of Django, but the ability to take advantage of such a principle makes it clear that Django wants developers to take advantage of this concept.
Pluggability
Similarly, pluggability is not an official Django design philosophy, yet it shares many similarities with reusability and plays into other important Django principles.
Thanks to the Django-pluggable app package, Django users can install and configure third-party Django applications.
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Don’t Repeat Yourself (Dry)
DRY is a simple but widely popular principle in software development. It aims to reduce repetition in your program by using abstractions such as concepts of reusability and pluggability, rather than simply rewriting the code.
Accelerated Growth
With the help of the methods described above, Django promises rapid development. Django is not in the business of tedious configuration and wants to make web development a fast and easy process.
Less Code
‘Less code’ is another principle of Django that only accelerates development. Django wants to inspire developers to take liberties with many of Python’s grounding principles, such as code readability and simplicity.
The designers of Django specifically point to the idea of introspection, courtesy of Python.
Python’s object introspection allows programs to determine object types at runtime, so developers don’t have to spend time and code defining them.
Loose Coupling
Loose coupling shows that Django’s features intentionally lack dependencies. This approach allows the pieces of software to be more interchangeable and/or modular. The different layers of the framework are largely independent of each other.
Explicit is better than implicit
Also a core Python principle, this philosophy focuses on readability, that is, a means of direct communication between the user and the program.
For example, a statement with no return function is more likely to return the value “None” because it is explicit, rather than return nothing.
Consistency
Django designers want to maintain consistency across all horizons – from the low-level Python coding style to the high-level Django experience.
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